19.CLAUSES

19.CLAUSES

 

A clause is a part of a sentence with subject and predicate.

एकच वाक्यामध्ये अनेक वाक्यांचा समुह असून प्रत्येक वाक्यात कर्ता (subject) व क्रियापद (predicate) असते, अशा प्रत्येक वाक्याला उपवाक्य किवा पोटवाक्य (clause) असे म्हणतात.

e.g. Jyoti works in the kitchen and Swati works in the garden.

    i) Jyoti works in the kitchen.

    ii) Swati works in the garden

® These are two different sentences with subject and predicate. These sentences are called clauses.

Jyoti works in the kitchen. हे उपवाक्या आहे. कारण या उपवाक्यात Jyoti हे subject व works in the kitchen हे predicate आहे.  (Such a group of words which forms part of a sentence, and contains a Subject and a Predicate, is called a Clause)

¨     Kinds of Clauses:-

1)Main Clause(Principal/Independent clause)

पूर्ण बोध करून देणाऱ्या उपवक्याला मुख्य उपवाक्य म्हणतात.

Jyoti works in the kitchen and Swati works in the garden. या वाक्यामध्ये

     i) Jyoti works in the kitchen. ii) Swati works in the garden ही दोन्ही वाक्य पूर्ण अर्थ बोध करून देतात.म्हणून ही मुख्य उपवाक्य (Main clause)आहेत.

2) Subordinate Clause

स्वतंत्रपणे अर्थ व्यक्त न करू शकणाऱ्या उपवाक्याला गौण उपवाक्या (subordinate Clause) असे म्हणतात.

e.g. When I went to him, he was drawing a picture.

            - When I went to him. (Subordinate clause)

(Subordinate Conjuction :- that,if,before,after,when,while,till,where,though,who,etc)

¨     Kinds of Subordinate Clause:-

1.Noun Clause :

2.Adjective Clause:

3.Adverb Clause:

We have seen that clauses are parts of a sentence, and they are classified as main and subordinate or dependent clauses. Dependent clauses can be further classified as follows according to the work they do in a sentence.

How do we decide whether a clause is a noun clause, an adjective clause or an adverb clause ? There is a simple rule - we can replace an adverb clause with an adverb, an adjective clause with an adjective and a noun clause with a noun.

Look at the following examples -

• But I don’t know the answer. (Noun)

But I don’t know what they want. (Noun clause)

• He told us a funny story. (Adjective)

He told us a story that was funny. (Adjective clause)