6. NON-FINITES
II) Present Participle/Gerund:-
(वर्तमानकाळी धातुसाधित रूप)
क्रियापदाच्या
पहिल्या रुपाला ing
प्रत्यय जोडून तयार होणाऱ्या रुपाला वर्तमानकाळी धातुसाधित रूप (Present
Participle) असे म्हणतात.
read
+ ing=reading, write+ing=writing, play+ing=playing, die+ing=dying,
swim+ing=swimming.
Ø Present Participle बनविण्याचे नियम :
(1)
सर्वसाधारणपणे मुख्य क्रियापदाच्या पहिल्या रुपाला ing प्रत्यय लावला असता present
participle तयार होते.
e.g. go + ing
= going show +
ing = showing
eat + ing =
eating burn + ing = burning
(2)
मुख्य क्रियापदाच्या पहिल्या रूपाच्या शेवटी e हा स्वर असेल, तर ing प्रत्यय लावताना त्याचा लोप करतात.
e.g. write +
ing = writing come +
ing = coming
give
+ ing = giving wake +
ing = waking
take + ing = taking
|
Exception:
e.g be +
ing = being see +
ing = seeing
flee +
ing = fleeing dye +
ing = dying
|
(3)
मुख्य क्रियापदाच्या पहिल्या रूपाच्या शेवटी व्यंजन असून त्यापूर्वी
एकच स्वर असेल,तर ing प्रत्यय लावताना शेवटचे व्यंजन दोनदा लिहावे.
e.g. run +
ing = running wed
+ ing = wedding
get + ing
= getting rub +
ing = rubbing
cut +
ing = cutting
(4) मुख्य
क्रियापदाच्या पहिल्या रूपाच्या शेवटी ie हि स्वर जोडी असेल,
तर ing प्रत्यय लावताना
e.g. die = ing
= dying tie + ing = tying
lie +ing = lying
(5) मुख्य
क्रियापदाच्या शेवटी y हा अर्धस्वर असेल, तर ing प्रत्यय लावताना काहीच बदल होत नाही.
e.g. cry + ing =
crying try +
ing = trying
fly +
ing = flying buy
+ ing = buying
Ø Present
Participle:- चे उपयोग
1)
Present
Participle चा उपयोग अपूर्ण काळामध्ये to be च्या
रुपानंतर करतात.
e.g. I am writing a
letter.
2)
पूर्ण अपूर्ण काळामध्ये to have been नंतर करतात.
e.g. I have been learning
in this school since 2012.
3)
विशेषण म्हणून पण केला जातो.
e.g. Running
race, flying bird, lying buffaloes, drinking water.
4)
दोन केवल वाक्यांचे एक वाक्यांत रुपांतर
करताना.
e.g. Gopal
is happy. He jumps. Ans: - Being
happy Gopal jumps.
5)
नामासारखा देखील करतात , त्यास
Gerund असे म्हणतात.
e.g.
Reading is my hobby.
II) Gerund: (धातुसाधित नाम )
When the -‘ing’ form of a verb is
used as a noun, it is known as a gerund a verbal noun. (नामाचे
कार्य करणाऱ्या present participle ला Gerund असे
म्हणतात.)
For Example: 1.Gardening is my hobby.
2. The fighting went on.
Here, we see that the -‘ing’ form of
the verb ‘fight’ is used as a subject in ‘The fighting went on’. It does a work
of a noun.
v Gerund
- चे उपयोग :-
(1)
क्रियापदाचा कर्ता म्हणून.:- e.g Walking
is a good exercise.
(2)
क्रियापदाचे कर्म म्हणून:- E.g. I like swimming.
(3)
Object
of a preposition म्हणून :- e.g. Gopal is fond of running.
(4)
क्रियापदाचे पूरक म्हणून :- e.g. Begging
means dying.
(5)
वाक्य मर्यादित करण्यासाठी स्वयंपूर्ण म्हणून:-e.g. Observing
stars being his hobby, we admired him.
(6)
काही आज्ञार्थी वाक्यांमध्ये main verb नंतर :- e.g.
Stop writing.
(7)
Mind ह्या क्रियापदा नंतर Gerund चा वापर करतात:- e.g. Would you mind helping me?
|
For Standard Ten
|
----------------------¨
¨ ¨…………………
1)
Underline
the gerund in the following examples:
1)
Gardening is an art. 2)
Cooking is a science.
3) I enjoy reading
poems. 4) I like reading more than writing.
2) Underline the gerund/present participles/infinitive.
a) Setting goal may appear easy, but it is quite
challenging.
b) Quantifying goals provide specific ways to track
progress.
c) It is important to create goals that are within
a current skill set or area of expertise.
d) We need to bring down life images down to earth
and plan to execute our strategies.
e) Finding the right
footing, precisely mastering the skills and getting to the next place, all depend on how we approach and tackle the
problem.
No comments:
Post a Comment